What is a U-turn?

A U-turn is a specific driving maneuver where a vehicle turns 180 degrees to proceed in the opposite direction. The name comes from the shape the vehicle's path often takes during the maneuver. While a useful technique for changing direction, it requires careful consideration of road conditions, traffic, and legal restrictions to ensure safety and avoid violations.

When are U-turns Permitted in Iceland?

In Iceland, as in most countries, U-turns are generally permitted only when it is safe to do so, and no traffic signs or road markings explicitly prohibit them. Drivers must always prioritize safety and ensure they have a clear view of the road, ample space, and that the maneuver will not endanger other road users or disrupt traffic flow. Pay close attention to:

• Road Signs: Look for signs that specifically prohibit U-turns, such as a circular sign with a red border and a 'U' arrow with a red diagonal line through it. These are common at intersections or busy roads.
• Road Markings: Double solid yellow lines, for example, typically indicate that crossing them to perform a U-turn is illegal.
• Intersections: U-turns are often prohibited at signalized intersections or those with specific turning lanes, unless indicated otherwise by signs.
• Visibility: Avoid U-turns on blind curves, hill crests, or any location where visibility is limited for you or oncoming traffic.
• Traffic Volume: Attempting a U-turn in heavy traffic can be extremely dangerous and lead to collisions or significant delays.

How to Safely Execute a U-turn

Even when permitted, performing a U-turn requires a precise sequence of actions to ensure safety:

1. Check Legality: First, confirm that a U-turn is not prohibited by signs or markings in your current location.
2. Assess Conditions: Look for ample clear space, good visibility, and minimal oncoming or following traffic. Check for pedestrians and cyclists, especially on pavements and cycle paths.
3. Signal Intent: Activate your turn signal well in advance to alert other drivers of your intention to turn.
4. Position Your Vehicle: Move to the far left lane or as close to the center line as safely possible, depending on road design and traffic. This maximizes your turning radius.
5. Look All Around: Before initiating the turn, perform a thorough check of mirrors and blind spots. Pay particular attention to oncoming traffic, which might be moving at speed, and any vehicles approaching from behind.
6. Execute Smoothly: Turn the steering wheel sharply while slowly moving forward. Accelerate gently once your vehicle is aligned with the new direction of travel.
7. Cancel Signal: Once the maneuver is complete, switch off your turn signal.

U-turns and the Icelandic Driving Theory Test

Questions about U-turns frequently appear in the Icelandic driving theory exam. These questions often test your knowledge of:

• Prohibited Areas: Identifying situations or locations where U-turns are not allowed.
• Safety Procedures: Understanding the correct sequence of actions for a safe U-turn, including signaling, checking traffic, and positioning.
• Risk Assessment: Evaluating scenarios to determine if a U-turn can be performed without creating a hazard.

Familiarize yourself with Icelandic road signs that prohibit U-turns and practice assessing various road scenarios to ensure you can make the correct decision under exam conditions.

Common U-turn Mistakes to Avoid

Many drivers make common errors when performing U-turns that can lead to accidents or traffic tickets:

• Ignoring Prohibitions: Attempting a U-turn where signs or markings clearly forbid it.
• Insufficient Space: Trying to turn in an area that is too narrow, requiring multiple attempts (a three-point turn might be more appropriate).
• Failing to Check Traffic: Not thoroughly checking for oncoming vehicles, pedestrians, or cyclists before and during the maneuver.
• Impatience: Rushing the U-turn in heavy traffic, forcing other drivers to brake or swerve.
• Poor Signaling: Not signaling at all, or signaling too late, confusing other road users.